Muchas veces en nuestros proyectos web necesitamos que los usuarios puedan obtener un archivo, el problema es cuando este pesa en GB, por esta razón hoy veremos cómo descargar archivos grandes en PHP mediante una sencilla función.

Hace tiempo necesitaba implementar la descarga de archivos con PHP.

El problema es que eran archivos muy pesados, de gigas.

Cualquera que haya trabajado con archivos grandes sabe que suele ser un dolor de cabeza.

La siguiente función nos permite descargar archivos de varios megas o gigas sin problemas.

Debo recalcar que esta función no la cree yo, la encontré hace tiempo no recuerdo donde pero me ha salvado ya algunas veces.

Archivos permitidos

Lo primero es definir los archivos permitidos para descarga.

function mimeTypes()
{
      $mime_types = array(
            "323" => "text/h323",
            "acx" => "application/internet-property-stream",
            "ai" => "application/postscript",
            "aif" => "audio/x-aiff",
            "aifc" => "audio/x-aiff",
            "aiff" => "audio/x-aiff",
            "asf" => "video/x-ms-asf",
            "asr" => "video/x-ms-asf",
            "asx" => "video/x-ms-asf",
            "au" => "audio/basic",
            "avi" => "video/x-msvideo",
            "axs" => "application/olescript",
            "bas" => "text/plain",
            "bcpio" => "application/x-bcpio",
            "bin" => "application/octet-stream",
            "bmp" => "image/bmp",
            "c" => "text/plain",
            "cat" => "application/vnd.ms-pkiseccat",
            "cdf" => "application/x-cdf",
            "cer" => "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
            "class" => "application/octet-stream",
            "clp" => "application/x-msclip",
            "cmx" => "image/x-cmx",
            "cod" => "image/cis-cod",
            "cpio" => "application/x-cpio",
            "crd" => "application/x-mscardfile",
            "crl" => "application/pkix-crl",
            "crt" => "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
            "csh" => "application/x-csh",
            "css" => "text/css",
            "dcr" => "application/x-director",
            "der" => "application/x-x509-ca-cert",
            "dir" => "application/x-director",
            "dll" => "application/x-msdownload",
            "dms" => "application/octet-stream",
            "doc" => "application/msword",
            "dot" => "application/msword",
            "dvi" => "application/x-dvi",
            "dxr" => "application/x-director",
            "eps" => "application/postscript",
            "etx" => "text/x-setext",
            "evy" => "application/envoy",
            "exe" => "application/octet-stream",
            "fif" => "application/fractals",
            "flr" => "x-world/x-vrml",
            "gif" => "image/gif",
            "gtar" => "application/x-gtar",
            "gz" => "application/x-gzip",
            "h" => "text/plain",
            "hdf" => "application/x-hdf",
            "hlp" => "application/winhlp",
            "hqx" => "application/mac-binhex40",
            "hta" => "application/hta",
            "htc" => "text/x-component",
            "htm" => "text/html",
            "html" => "text/html",
            "htt" => "text/webviewhtml",
            "ico" => "image/x-icon",
            "ief" => "image/ief",
            "iii" => "application/x-iphone",
            "ins" => "application/x-internet-signup",
            "isp" => "application/x-internet-signup",
            "jfif" => "image/pipeg",
            "jpe" => "image/jpeg",
            "jpeg" => "image/jpeg",
            "jpg" => "image/jpeg",
            "js" => "application/x-javascript",
            "latex" => "application/x-latex",
            "lha" => "application/octet-stream",
            "lsf" => "video/x-la-asf",
            "lsx" => "video/x-la-asf",
            "lzh" => "application/octet-stream",
            "m13" => "application/x-msmediaview",
            "m14" => "application/x-msmediaview",
            "m3u" => "audio/x-mpegurl",
            "man" => "application/x-troff-man",
            "mdb" => "application/x-msaccess",
            "me" => "application/x-troff-me",
            "mht" => "message/rfc822",
            "mhtml" => "message/rfc822",
            "mid" => "audio/mid",
            "mny" => "application/x-msmoney",
            "mov" => "video/quicktime",
            "movie" => "video/x-sgi-movie",
            "mp2" => "video/mpeg",
            "mp3" => "audio/mpeg",
            "mpa" => "video/mpeg",
            "mpe" => "video/mpeg",
            "mpeg" => "video/mpeg",
            "mpg" => "video/mpeg",
            "mpp" => "application/vnd.ms-project",
            "mpv2" => "video/mpeg",
            "ms" => "application/x-troff-ms",
            "mvb" => "application/x-msmediaview",
            "nws" => "message/rfc822",
            "oda" => "application/oda",
            "p10" => "application/pkcs10",
            "p12" => "application/x-pkcs12",
            "p7b" => "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",
            "p7c" => "application/x-pkcs7-mime",
            "p7m" => "application/x-pkcs7-mime",
            "p7r" => "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp",
            "p7s" => "application/x-pkcs7-signature",
            "pbm" => "image/x-portable-bitmap",
            "pdf" => "application/pdf",
            "pfx" => "application/x-pkcs12",
            "pgm" => "image/x-portable-graymap",
            "pko" => "application/ynd.ms-pkipko",
            "pma" => "application/x-perfmon",
            "pmc" => "application/x-perfmon",
            "pml" => "application/x-perfmon",
            "pmr" => "application/x-perfmon",
            "pmw" => "application/x-perfmon",
            "pnm" => "image/x-portable-anymap",
            "pot" => "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
            "ppm" => "image/x-portable-pixmap",
            "pps" => "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
            "ppt" => "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
            "prf" => "application/pics-rules",
            "ps" => "application/postscript",
            "pub" => "application/x-mspublisher",
            "qt" => "video/quicktime",
            "ra" => "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
            "ram" => "audio/x-pn-realaudio",
            "ras" => "image/x-cmu-raster",
            "rgb" => "image/x-rgb",
            "rmi" => "audio/mid",
            "roff" => "application/x-troff",
            "rtf" => "application/rtf",
            "rtx" => "text/richtext",
            "scd" => "application/x-msschedule",
            "sct" => "text/scriptlet",
            "setpay" => "application/set-payment-initiation",
            "setreg" => "application/set-registration-initiation",
            "sh" => "application/x-sh",
            "shar" => "application/x-shar",
            "sit" => "application/x-stuffit",
            "snd" => "audio/basic",
            "spc" => "application/x-pkcs7-certificates",
            "spl" => "application/futuresplash",
            "src" => "application/x-wais-source",
            "sst" => "application/vnd.ms-pkicertstore",
            "stl" => "application/vnd.ms-pkistl",
            "stm" => "text/html",
            "svg" => "image/svg+xml",
            "sv4cpio" => "application/x-sv4cpio",
            "sv4crc" => "application/x-sv4crc",
            "t" => "application/x-troff",
            "tar" => "application/x-tar",
            "tcl" => "application/x-tcl",
            "tex" => "application/x-tex",
            "texi" => "application/x-texinfo",
            "texinfo" => "application/x-texinfo",
            "tgz" => "application/x-compressed",
            "tif" => "image/tiff",
            "tiff" => "image/tiff",
            "tr" => "application/x-troff",
            "trm" => "application/x-msterminal",
            "tsv" => "text/tab-separated-values",
            "txt" => "text/plain",
            "uls" => "text/iuls",
            "ustar" => "application/x-ustar",
            "vcf" => "text/x-vcard",
            "vrml" => "x-world/x-vrml",
            "wav" => "audio/x-wav",
            "wcm" => "application/vnd.ms-works",
            "wdb" => "application/vnd.ms-works",
            "wks" => "application/vnd.ms-works",
            "wmf" => "application/x-msmetafile",
            "wps" => "application/vnd.ms-works",
            "wri" => "application/x-mswrite",
            "wrl" => "x-world/x-vrml",
            "wrz" => "x-world/x-vrml",
            "xaf" => "x-world/x-vrml",
            "xbm" => "image/x-xbitmap",
            "xla" => "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            "xlc" => "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            "xlm" => "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            "xls" => "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            "xlt" => "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            "xlw" => "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            "xof" => "x-world/x-vrml",
            "xpm" => "image/x-xpixmap",
            "xwd" => "image/x-xwindowdump",
            "z" => "application/x-compress",
            "rar" => "application/x-rar-compressed",
            "zip" => "application/zip"
      );
      return $mime_types;
}

Si necesitas agregar alguno sientente libre de agregarlo.

Te puede interesar, comprimir archivos con PHP.

Función para descargar archivos grandes con PHP

Ahora si, la función que nos permitirá descargar archivos grandes con php.

function downloadFiles($filePath)
{
      if (!empty($filePath)) {
            $fileInfo = pathinfo($filePath);
            $fileName  = $fileInfo['basename'];
            $fileExtnesion   = $fileInfo['extension'];
            $default_contentType = "application/octet-stream";
            $content_types_list = mimeTypes();
            if (array_key_exists($fileExtnesion, $content_types_list)) {
                  $contentType = $content_types_list[$fileExtnesion];
            } else {
                  $contentType =  $default_contentType;
            }
            if (file_exists($filePath)) {
                  $size = filesize($filePath);
                  $offset = 0;
                  $length = $size;
                  if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_RANGE'])) {
                        preg_match('/bytes=(\d+)-(\d+)?/', $_SERVER['HTTP_RANGE'], $matches);
                        $offset = intval($matches[1]);
                        $length = intval($matches[2]) - $offset;
                        $fhandle = fopen($filePath, 'r');
                        fseek($fhandle, $offset);
                        $data = fread($fhandle, $length);
                        fclose($fhandle);
                        header('HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content');
                        header('Content-Range: bytes ' . $offset . '-' . ($offset + $length) . '/' . $size);
                  }

                  header("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=" . $fileName);
                  header('Content-Type: ' . $contentType);
                  header("Accept-Ranges: bytes");
                  header("Pragma: public");
                  header("Expires: -1");
                  header("Cache-Control: no-cache");
                  header("Cache-Control: public, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0");
                  header("Content-Length: " . filesize($filePath));
                  $chunksize = 8 * (1024 * 1024);
                  if ($size > $chunksize) {
                        $handle = fopen($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"], 'rb');
                        $buffer = '';
                        while (!feof($handle) && (connection_status() === CONNECTION_NORMAL)) {
                              $buffer = fread($handle, $chunksize);
                              print $buffer;
                              ob_flush();
                              flush();
                        }
                        if (connection_status() !== CONNECTION_NORMAL) {
                              echo "Connection aborted";
                        }
                        fclose($handle);
                  } else {
                        ob_clean();
                        flush();
                        readfile($filePath);
                  }
            } else {
                  echo 'File does not exist!';
            }
      } else {
            echo 'There is no file to download!';
      }
}

Ahora que tenemos nuestra función es hora de probar.

Probando el código

Ya por último vamos a probar nuestro código llamando a la función.

Asegurate de tener un archivo grande para hacer la prueba.

set_time_limit(0); 
ini_set('memory_limit', '512M'); 
$file = "test.exe";
downloadFiles($file);

Al ejecutar veremos como nuestro archivo comienza a descargar sin problemas.

Eso fue todo, hoy fue un articulo rápido pero bastante útil si te dedicas al desarrollo web del backend.

Si esta información sobre cómo descargar archivos grandes con PHP te ha sido de utilidad no olvides compartirla en tus redes sociales favoritas y dejarnos un comentario en la sección de abajo si tienes cualquier duda relacionada con este tema, será un placer ayudarte.

¡Hasta luego!

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